Google Scholar
SERP API Google Query Parameters
Configure Google Scholar queries using Thordata’s SERP API, including localization parameters, geotargeting,search type pagination, advanced parameter and "advanced filters" output options.
q ,Search Query(Required)
Define the search query used for data scraping (Default value: q=pizza). Any keywords in any language are supported.
Example Request:
Example using the parameter q: pizza
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1"Localization
hl ,Language(Optional)
Set the interface language for search results (default value: en). Adopt standard language code formats (e.g., en, es, zh-CN).
For the complete list of supported language codes, please refer to: Google Language Codes.
Example Request:
Example results for q : pizza,hl: es
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "hl=es"lr ,Set Multiple Languages(Optional)
Filters results by language using lang_XX codes (e.g., lang_fr|lang_de). If the hl parameter is used simultaneously, this parameter will override hl.
The hl and lr parameters can be used together, but the actual effect is prioritized by the lr parameter.
Example Request:
Example results for q : pizza,lr: lang_en|lang_fr
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "lr=lang_fr|lang_en"Geographical Location
location ,Location(Optional)
Simulate initiating a search from an exact location, which must be used in conjunction with the uule parameter. If not specified, the geographical location of the proxy server may be adopted.
Example Request:
Example results for q : pizza,location:India,uule:w+CAIQICIFSW5kaWE
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "location=India" \
-d "uule=w+CAIQICIFSW5kaWE"uule ,UULE(Optional)
Encode the target geographical location using Base64, which must be used in conjunction with the location parameter.
Example Request:
Example results for q : pizza,location:India,uule:w+CAIQICIFSW5kaWE
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "location=India" \
-d "uule=w+CAIQICIFSW5kaWE"Search Types
as_sdt ,Search type(Optional)
This parameter can be used as a search type or a filter. As a filter (valid only when searching for articles): 0 - Exclude patents (default): 7 - Include patents. As a search type: 4 - Select Case Law (US courts only). This will select all state and federal courts.
Example Request:
Example results for q : pizza,as_sdt:4
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "as_sdt=4"Pagination
start ,Result offset(Optional)
Set the starting point for search result pagination (e.g., "start=30" means skipping the first 30 results and starting to display from the 31st result).
Example Request:
Example results for q : pizza,start:30
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "start=30"num ,Number of results per page(Optional)
This parameter defines the maximum number of results returned per page in the search results. For example, setting it to 10 means 10 results will be returned.
Example Request:
Example results for q : pizza,num:20
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "num=20"Advanced Parameters
cites ,Cited By(Optional)
Parameter defines unique ID for an article to trigger Cited By searches. Usage of cites will bring up a list of citing documents in Google Scholar. Example value: cites=1275980731835430123. Usage of cites and q parameters triggers search within citing articles.
Example Request:
Example results for q : pizza,cites:1275980731835430123
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "cites=1275980731835430123"as_ylo ,From Year(Optional)
This parameter defines the year you want to include results. This parameter can be used in conjunction with the as_yhi parameter.
Example Request:
Example results for q : pizza,as_ylo:2022
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "as_ylo=2022"as_yhi ,To Year(Optional)
This parameter defines the year you want to include results. This parameter can be used in conjunction with the as_ylo parameter.
Code Example:
Example results for q : pizza,as_ylo:2025
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "as_ylo=2022" \
-d "as_yhi=2025"scisbd ,Sort By Date(Optional)
This parameter defines articles added in the last year, sorted by date. Can be set to 1 to include abstracts only, or 2 to include all content. The default value is 0, which means articles are sorted by relevance.
Code Example:
Example results for q : pizza,cisbd:1
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "scisbd=1"cluster,Versions Of(Optional)
Parameter defines unique ID for an article to trigger All Versions searches. Example value: cluster=1275980731835430123. Usage of cluster together with q and cites parameters is prohibited. Use cluster parameter only.
Code Example:
Example results for q : pizza,cluster:1275980731835430123
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "cluster=1275980731835430123"Advanced Filters
safe ,Safe(Optional)
Filters adult content:
safe=active– Strict filtering (default)safe=off– No filtering
Example Request:
Example results for q : pizza,safe:active
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "safe=active"nfpr ,Exclude Auto-corrected Results(Optional)
Define whether to disable automatic spelling correction. For example, with nfpr=1, searching for "googl" will not be automatically corrected to "google".
Code Example:
Example results for q : pizza,nfpr:sur:f
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "nfpr=1"filter ,Results Filtering(Optional)
Define duplicate removal results: 1 (enable), 0 (disable).
Code Example:
Example results for q : pizza,filter:1
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "filter=1"as_vis ,Show Citations(Optional)
This parameter defines whether you want to include citations. You can set it to 1 to exclude these results, or 0 (default) to include them.
Code Example:
Example results for q : pizza,as_vis:1
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "as_vis=1"as_rr ,Show Only Review Articles(Optional)
This parameter defines whether you want to display only comment articles (those that contain comments on the topic, or discuss the work or author you searched for). You can set 1 to enable this filter, or 0 (default) to display all results.
Code Example:
Example results for q : pizza,as_rr:1
curl -X POST https://scraperapi.thordata.com/request \
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer token" \
-d "engine=google_scholar" \
-d "q=pizza" \
-d "json=1" \
-d "as_rr=1"For further assistance, contact us at [email protected].
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